Process of rendering paper bottles liquid-tight.



G. W. BEADLE. F RENDERING PAPER BOTTLES LIQUlD TIGHT.

PROCESS 0 APPLICATION FILED N0V18,1912- RENEWED MAR. 9. 1915. 1 15%.,%% PatentedSept. 21, 1915.

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MUD!!! air-- G. W. BEADLE.

PROCESS OF RENDERING PAPER BOTTLES LIQUID TIGHT.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8. I912- RENEWED MAR. 9,1915.

Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

4 SHEETSSHEEI 2.

k MX Ma 4 abbomma a G. W. BEADLE. OCESES OF RENDERING PAPER BOTTLES LIQUID APPLICATION HLED NOV. 8, 1912. RENEWED MAR. 9.

TIGHT.

PatentedSept. 21, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

G. W. BEADLE.

PROCESS OF RENDERING PAPER BOTTLES LIQUID TIGHT. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8. 1912. RENEWED MAR. 9, 1915.

1,15%,282. Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

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GEORGE W. BEADLE, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, ASSI GNOR TO- SINGLE SERVICE PACKAGE CORPORATION OF AMERICA, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 21, 1915p.

. Application filed November 8, 1912, Serial No. 730,300. ReneWed'Mareh 9, 1915. Serial No. 13,219.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. BEADLE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bayonne, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Rendering Paper Bottles Liquid-Tight; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others'skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to a process of rendering paper cartons or bottles liquid-tight,

and at the same time providing them with a highlypolished surface,'and has for its object to provide a method of accomplishing these results, which will be more expeditious in carrying out, and more efiicient in. practioe, than the processes heretofore proposed.

To these ends, the invention consists in the novel steps constituting my method, more fully hereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims. 7

It is well known that great difliculty is experienced in the commercial manufacture of liquid-tight cartons or bottles suitable for holding milk, for example, unless an abnormally large quantity of paraflin is employed for sea ing all of the joints. It is also well known that, even when an unnecessarily large .quantity of paraffin is employed, the

parafiin coating on the bottle is liable to be unevenly distributed'in places, to later break down, and thereupon admit the liquid through to thepaper walls, and collapse the same. It is alsowell known that the coatings provided on paraflin bottles are often rough and unsightly in appearance, and are further easily permeated in places by air or moisture. due largely to the minute pin holes in the said rough places These rough places are further often produced "by the step of subjecting the freshly coated bottles to a cooling bath, which is found necessary in order to expeditiously finish the articles.

Additional troubles are experienced in practice, from the fact that the parafiin does not evenly and tenaciously penetrate the bottle l crack, whereupon the liquid contents readily penetrate the walls and collapse the pack- ,age. Likewise, the stock from which the walls, so that it is liable to peel off later or wheel.

bottles are made sometimes shrinks in storage, which loosens the joints, cracks the paraffin therein, and further causes leaks.

' The use of an abnormally large quantity of tional view of a. machine built in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is an end elevational viewof the water immersing portion of my machine Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view showing the means for rotating the paper cartons on their own axes while being conveyed to the machine shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is an end elevational View of a portion of the conveyers for the cartons; Fig. 5 is a sectional plan viewof the water immersing machine; and Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 are fragmentary detail Views of certain portions, of the said Water immersing machine.

Referring to said drawings, 1 indicates any suitable framework in which is mounted a parafiin dipping Wheel 2, operating in a paraflin bath 3, all of which is or may be constructed substantially the same as the machine illustrated in my Patent #1030536, dated June 25, 1912. and entitled Machines for coating cartons. Leading to the paraflining wheel 2, I provide the conveyer 4 passing through the inclosed chamber 5,

which may be suitably-heated as by the gas jets 6 in order to drive out the moisture from the cartons before they reach the wheel 2, and thereby cause said cartons or paper bottles to more readily absorb the paraflin. i

6" represents any suitablemotor provided with a driving belt 7 for turning the wheel 8 m0unted on the shaft 9, provided with the pulley 10, over which passes the driving belt 11. The said belt 11 in turn passes over the pulley 12, mounted on the shaft 13 of the paraffin wheel 2, and d'rivesthe said parafi'in The cartons when" delivered at the .mounted on the stub shaft 20, provided with the pulley 21 over.which passes the endless belt 22. The said belt 22 passes over the pulley 23 mounted on the shaft 24, on which is mounted the pulley '25, over which passes the conveyer 4. V The vsaid conveyer 17 is driven by means of the pulley 28, mounted on the said shaft 20, all as diagrammatically 'illustrated in Fig. 1.

The bottles While on the conveyer 4 pass through the drying chamber 5, and have their moisture expelled, while the heat to which they are subjected also shrinks the stock, and thereupon closes the joints. It results from this that when the said bottles reach the paraflin bath 3, the walls of'the bottle evenly takeup the said paraffin, so that the coating does not later peel off. Further, the jointsbeing thoroughly shrunk by the timethe bottles reach the bath, they do not later shrink, and break the seal formed bythe parafiincoa ing.

In order that the bottles may be economically drained of their surplus parafiin while passing, from the paraffin wheel 2 to the water dipping veyer belt 17, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 4,- so that the surplus parafiin will drain out of the mouth 'of the bottle. In order to insure the open end of the bottle being located below its closed end, said bottles are placed on theconveyer 4, at the point 15, with their open ends all pointing in the proper direction to insure this drain. However, should the bottles rest in one position while thus draining the' paraffin and While passing through the drying chamber 5, it is evident that the paraflin would not be equally distributed over the walls of the bottles, as above stated. ,In order to avoid this objection, I provide, at suitable intervals along the conveyer 17 stationary rods such as 31, which will contact with the projecting lower surfaces of the bottles 32 and thereupon turn t e said bottles upon their axes as they travel toward the water wheel 30. It results from this that the bottles are lifted momentarily a slight distance from the conveyer 17 as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3, and are slightly turned so that the paraflin settles equally over all portions of the bottle.

I have discovered that one of the main causes of the rough patches which commonly appear upon the paraflin coated bottles is due to the fact that the said bottles are usually entirely immersed 1n a water bath,

is' already upon wheel 30, I incline the connear the top of the wheel,

for the purpose of chilling the soft paraflin coating, which step permits the 'water to first rush inside the bottle, and then to rush out of the same. This action of the Water roughens the soft, thin paraflin coating, causes pin holes to form therein, and is a fruitful source of the trouble resulting in the liquid penetrating the coating, and breaking down the walls of the bottle. 'I have discovered that this most serious objection may be avoided, and at the same time a much higher and more sightly polish may be imparted to the paraflin coating, by simply partially immersing the said bottles in the water, and simultaneously rotating 80 the same upon their axes. By partially immersing the bottles in the water, the'latter does not rush in and rush out, as it does when the bottles are completely immersed, and by rotating the partially filled bottles upon their axes, the water always has a smooth, even motion, which does not disturb the paraffin in the least. It further has the effect of polishing the paraffin, and of chilling the same, so that the thin coating which the paperdoes not penetrate beneath the surface of the same, so as to expose the cellulose fibers to the liquid. In other words, this polished coating contains a minimum of paraffin, and it completely protects the fibersof the paper from contact with the contained liquid. In order v to automatically and expeditiously accomplish this most desirable result, the water dipping wheel 30, now to be described, has 100 been provided. The said wheel is mounted upon the shaft 9 and rotated by the belt 7 as above stated, and carries, mounted-on its periphery, a seriesof shafts 35 carrying pinions 36 meshing in lar rack 37 which turn the said stud shafts 35. The stud shafts 35 are provided with heads 38- adapted to enter the cam guideway 39 extending over an arc of about 60 as best shown in 110 Fig. 2. The said cam guide-way holds the stud shaft 35 retracted against the tension.

of their springs 40, and thereby holds the bottle holding heads 41 likewise retracted until the heads 38 leave the guide-way 39, 115 which is at a pointimmediately under the delivery end of the conveyer 17, as will be more fully stated below. The said water wheel 30 is also provided with a ring 42 forming bearings for the stud shafts 35, and with a similar ring 43 supplyingbearings for readily rotatable heads 44asimilar to the heads 41. The said heads 41, however, are

' preferably provided with roughened or rubher-like surfaces 45 (see Fig. 5) for more firmly gripping the bottle without injuring thesame Passing from side to side of the casing 46, in which the wheel 30 is mounted, are the rods 47 and 48 on which are mounted the the stationary circumembers 49 and 50. Pivoted at one end of the members 49 and 50 on the rod 47 are the curved fingers 52, controlled by the springs 53, and pivoted on the rod 55 are the gate fingers 56, whose ends almost meet the ends of the fingers 52, as best illustrated in F ig. 2.

The delivery end of the conveyer l is located just above the fingers 52 and 56, and the upper bottles '57 are accordingly delivered onto said fingers, as illustrated in Fig. 2, whereupon the retracted head 41 is brought by the rotating wheel opposite the end of the delivered bottle, and as it is released from the grip of the cam-way 39 at this moment, it seizes said bottle betweenitself and its companion head 44 and carries the said bottle around with the wheel. The

fingers 52 yield against the tension of their springs 53 to permit this action, and the fingers 56 likewise yield against the tensionof their springs 58, all as will be clear from Figs. 6 and 7. The parts are so timed that as one bottle is thus caught 'between'one pair of heads 41 and 44 and the said bottle moved out of the water, another bottle is likewise delivered onto the fingers'52 and 56', and is in turn caught between a like pair of heads and likewise moved out of the way. The

'process continues until the bottles finally reach the position best illustrated in Fig. 8, in which position the revolving and rising bottles first strike the fingers 60 mounted 1 uponthe shaft 61 and turn the same against 1 the tensionof their springs 62. At about the deliver the same on the conveyer 70, as best Y illustrated in Fig. 5.

Duringthe movement of the bottles from the first position, when they are caught by the heads 41, and 44, to: their last position, when they ate delivered uponthe conveyer 70, they are only partially immersed in the I water bath 73 whichis so regulated that it only about half fills the lower most bottle. Arid also during this said movement, the pinions 36 are in constant engagement with the circular rack 37, and are rapidly rotating the said bottles upon their axes. It -re-' sultsfrom this that all splashing of the water inside the bottle, and the consequent raising of blisters therein, is avoided. It

' further results that an exceedingly high:

polish is imparted .to the chilled paraflin b, I

the latterin a fluid condition; rotatlng said vessels on their axes during the dralnmg opwhich gives to the bottle a superior finish;

It will. now be Clear that thegdryin g of.

the bottles before they are submitted to the paratfin bath not only gets rid of the moisture, but it shrinks the package and therefore makes thejoints tighter before they receive paraflifi. It will further be clear that the chilling efiect of the water prevents.

the paraflin from soaking too far into the paper Walls of the bottle, and therefore less paraflin may be used to render the bottle water tight. Iii addition to this, the Water cooled coating of parafiin is found to be less porous than an air cooled coating, and it is therefore better able to hold the contained liquids. Further, the rou hened or rubberlike disks45 with which the heads 41 are provided not only afford the necessary friction to turn the bottles on their axes, but they prevent water from getting into the crimped bottom walls with which these bottles are provided, and thereby prevent the water from softening the paper walls of the liottle.

It will thus be seen that( 1) By driving the moisture out of the carton and shrinking the package, I get a more even penetration of the paper, and more-effectually seal the joints. -(2) By further drying the cartons-while draining the same, I save any surplus paraifin that isnot found necessary to coat the bottle walls. (3)By rotating the cartons on their axes during this second drying and draining operation, I prevent the parafiin from settling unevenly in spots upon the bottle, and thereby secure an even and efiicient coating. (4) By suddenly chilling the paraffin coating immediately after the draining operation, and rotating the bottles upon theiraxes, I prevent the paraffin from soaking too far into the bottle walls,

- and thereby exposing the fibers of the paper to the penetration of the liquid; I impart a very high polish to the paraflin coaticng thus produced;- and by onl partially immersing the bottles, I prevent the water from rushing in and out of the bottle, and thereby destroying the thin, soft paraflin coating. The final result of all of these stepsis to produce a highly efficient coating, with a pleasing appearance, and at a minimum of cost. It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details ofthe foregoing operations without departin from the spirit of myinvention, and there ore I do not wish to be limited to the above disclosure, except as may be requiredby the claims.

What I claim is l 11 The process of coating paper vessels,

which consists in subjecting .said vessels to heat. to drive out a portion, of the contamed moisture and to shrink said vessels; then immediately subjecting said vessels to, a

any

liquid coating bath ;--di aining said vessels, 0

of their surplus liquid while. maintaining eration to secure an even coating; and subjecting the thus coated vessels to. a cooling bath, substantially as described.

2. The process of coating paper vessels, which consists in subjecting said vessels to heat to drive out a portion of the contained moisture and to shrink said vessels; then subjecting said vessels to a liquid coating bath; draining said vessels of their surplus liquid; rotating said vessels on their axes during the draining operation to secure an even coating; and subjecting said vessels to a cooling bath while rotating the vessels on their axes, substantially as described.

3. lhe process of coating paper vessels,- which consists in sub ecting said vessels to heat to,drive out a P01131011 of the contained moisture and to shrink said vessels; then subjecting said vessels to a liquid coating bath; draining said vessels of their surplus liquid; rotating said vesselsontheir axes during the draining operation to secure an I even coating; and only partially immersing said vessels in a water bath while rotating said vessels on their axes to impart a smooth surface, substantially as described.

4. The process of coating open ended paper bottles with paraflin,

off the surplus paraflin and .rotating said bottles on their onger axes; and finally only partially immersing said coated and drained bottles while in a horizontal position in a water bath while rotating the same on their longer-axes, substantially as described.

' 5. The step in finishing paraflincoated paper bottles consisting in partially immersing the said bottles in water while the coating is still soft and simultaneously rotating said bottles, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I afliX my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

\ GEORGE W. BEADLE.

Witnesses:

J. H. GEwEoK, T. A. WITHERSPOON; 

